Multiple vulnerabilities were found in Microsoft Products (Extended Support Update). Malicious users can exploit these vulnerabilities to cause denial of service, execute arbitrary code, obtain sensitive information, gain privileges.

Below is a complete list of vulnerabilities:

1. Unspecified Microsoft Server Block Message can be exploited remotely via specially crafted requests to cause denial of service.
2. A remote code execution vulnerability in Windows SMB can be exploited remotely via specially crafted packet to execute arbitrary code.
3. An information disclosure vulnerability in Windows Kernel can be exploited remotely via specially crafted application to obtain sensitive information.
4. A remote code execution vulnerability in Microsoft Graphics can be exploited remotely via specially crafted embedded to execute arbitrary code.
5. An elevation of privilege vulnerability in Windows Kernel can be exploited remotely via specially crafted application to gain privileges.
6. A memory corruption vulnerability in Internet Explorer can be exploited remotely via specially crafted website to execute arbitrary code.
7. A remote code execution vulnerability in Microsoft JET Database Engine can be exploited remotely via specially crafted to execute arbitrary code.
8. An information disclosure vulnerability in Internet Explorer can be exploited remotely via specially crafted content to obtain sensitive information.
9. An elevation of privilege vulnerability in Windows Graphics Component can be exploited remotely via specially crafted application to gain privileges.
10. A memory corruption vulnerability in Scripting Engine can be exploited remotely via specially crafted website to execute arbitrary code.
11. An information disclosure vulnerability in Microsoft Search can be exploited remotely via specially crafted messages to obtain sensitive information.
12. A remote code execution vulnerability in Windows Search can be exploited remotely via specially crafted messages to execute arbitrary code.
13. A remote code execution vulnerability in Windows Shell can be exploited remotely via specially crafted content to execute arbitrary code.
14. An information disclosure vulnerability in Windows GDI can be exploited remotely via specially crafted application to obtain sensitive information.
15. An information disclosure vulnerability in Windows SMB can be exploited remotely to obtain sensitive information.

Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)
Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems
Internet Explorer 9
Windows 10 for x64-based Systems
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)
Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1
Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems
Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2
Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems
Windows Server 2012
Internet Explorer 11
Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2
Windows Server 2016
Windows RT 8.1
Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 2
Windows 10 Version 1703 for x64-based Systems
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)
Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 1
Windows 10 Version 1511 for 32-bit Systems
Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)
Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)
Windows 10 Version 1511 for x64-based Systems
Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems
Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems
Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1
Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1
Internet Explorer 10
Windows 10 Version 1703 for 32-bit Systems
Windows Server 2012 R2

Install necessary updates from the KB section, that are listed in your Windows Update (Windows Update usually can be accessed from the Control Panel)

4041678
4041681
4042122
4042123
4042120
4042121
4041995
4042007
4042067
4041944
4041671
4050795
4040685

The following public exploits exists for this vulnerability:

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43001

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43131

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43368

Malware exists for this vulnerability. Usually such malware is classified as Exploit. More details.